From Centralized Authority to Shared Vision: Collective-Transformational Leadership in Pesantren

Sutrisno Sutrisno; Ethem Gürhan; Muhtar Hazawawi

doi:10.35309/alinsyiroh.v12i1.680

Authors

Sutrisno Sutrisno Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Indonesia
Ethem Gürhan Ministry National Education, Konya, Türkiye
Muhtar Hazawawi State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35309/alinsyiroh.v12i1.680

Keywords:

Collective Leadership, Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture, Faith-Based Education, Pesantren

Abstract

The sustainability of faith-based educational organizations often relies heavily on the singular charisma of their founders, making them highly vulnerable to institutional collapse upon the founder's demise ("founder's syndrome"). This study explores the actualization of collective-transformational leadership and its impact on shaping organizational culture within traditional Pesantren. Employing a qualitative multiple-case study design, research was conducted across three distinct institutional models: the Federation, Modern, and pure Traditional models. Data were collected over six months through in-depth interviews with nearly 30 participants—including central clerics, senior teachers, and students—complemented by participant observation and document analysis. The cross-case thematic analysis reveals a strategic structural shift from solitary, founder-centric authority to formalized, shared leadership councils. This transition successfully institutionalizes the clerics' charisma rather than diluting it. Furthermore, through informal communication strategies and spiritual synergy, this collective leadership mitigates internal conflicts and inspires the organizational community. Consequently, this shared authority shapes resilient and agile organizational cultures tailored to specific institutional visions, ranging from socio-environmental activism and global modern integration to the robust preservation of classical scholasticism. Theoretically, this study expands transformational leadership discourse by demonstrating that charismatic influence can operate synergistically as a collective phenomenon. Practically, it offers a sustainable governance blueprint for global faith-based organizations navigating the tension between preserving traditional religious identity and adapting to modern educational complexities

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